| 摘要: |
| 在国土空间陆海统筹的背景下，科学评估海岸带现有生态环境，以降低因土地利用变化产生的景观生态风险、提升生态系统服务供给能力是海岸带生态环境管理的重要方向。聚焦如何通过探究海岸带生态系统服务价值和景观生态风险的空间相关性，为科学构建海岸带生态保护修复安全格局提供支撑，本文以上海市海岸带为研究对象， 基于150 m×150 m的评价单元，定量评价研究区的景观生态风险和生态系统服务价值，采用双变量空间自相关分析法揭示二者的局部空间关联性，以此为基础进行生态保护修复分区并提出优化策略。研究结果表明：“高生态系统服务价值-高景观生态风险区”具有资源禀赋优势，但受港口、码头建设活动和海洋自然灾害影响严重；“低生态系统服务价值-低景观生态风险区”承载少量生产活动，受周边景观生态高风险地区影响，生态风险可能增加；“低生态系统服务价值-高景观生态风险区”人类生产生活活动密集，对原有自然环境改造程度高，对区域生态风险影响程度大；“高生态系统服务价值-低景观生态风险区”旅游业发达，游客居民活动频繁，但周围已完成或正在开展生态修复项目，生态环境良好。基于以上结果，将上海市海岸带地区划分为生态脆弱保护区、生态涵养防控区、生态风险修复区、生态潜力发展区、生态过渡区5类生态保护修复分区，并提出相应的修复措施，为超大城市海岸带生态修复精细化分区规划和管理提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 景观生态风险|生态系统服务价值|空间关联性|海岸带 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20240901001 |
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| 基金项目:上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”课题(22dz1202604) |
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| Ecological restoration zoning identification and optimization strategies for Shanghai coastal zone based on landscape ecological risk and ecosystem service value |
| GAN Jing,WANG Zhao |
| (College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University，Shanghai 200092;Key Laboratory of Spatial Intelligent Planning Technology，MNR，Shanghai 200092;Technology Innovation Center for Land Space Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area，MNR，Shanghai 200003) |
| Abstract: |
| In the context of land-sea integration for territorial spaces，scientific assessment of the existing ecological environment of coastal zone to reduce the landscape ecological risks arising from land use changes and to enhance the capacity of ecosystem service provision is an important direction for the ecological environment management of coastal zone. This paper addresses the core research question of ‘how to scientifically support the ecological safety pattern for coastal zone protection and restoration by exploring the spatial correlation between ecosystem service value and landscape ecological risk’. Taking Shanghai coastal zone as an example，this paper quantitatively evaluates the landscape ecological risk index (LERI) and ecosystem service value (ESV) based on the evaluation unit of 150 m×150 m and reveals the spatial correlation between LERI and ESV used bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis method. Ecological protection and restoration zoning is then carried out and optimization strategies are put forward. Results show that the ‘high ESV-high LERI zone’ has the advantage of resource endowment，but is seriously affected by harbour and wharf construction activities as well as marine natural disasters. The ‘low ESV-low LERI zone’ carries a small amount of production activities，and is affected by the neighbouring landscapes and ecological high-risk areas，so the ecological risk may increase. The ‘low ESV-high LERI zone’ is intensive in human production and living activities，with a high degree of modification of the original natural environment，and a large degree of impact on regional ecological risk. The ‘high ESV-low LERI zone’ has a developed tourism industry and frequent activities of tourists and residents，but the ecological restoration projects have been completed or are underway around the area，and the ecological environment is relatively good. Based on the above results，the coastal zone of Shanghai is divided into five zones for ecological protection and restoration：Thus, ecological fragile zone to protect，ecological conservation zone to prevent risk，ecological risk zone to restore，ecological potential zone to develop and ecological transition zone，and the corresponding restoration measures are proposed，which will provide references to the refined zoning and management for ecological protection and restoration in the coastal zone in mega-cities. |
| Key words: landscape ecological risk ecosystem service value|spatial correlation|zoning for ecological protection and restoration|landscape ecological risk coastal zone |
