| 摘要: |
| 再野化是提升生态系统多样性、稳定性和持续性的新思路，强调3C原则，即核心区(cores)、连通性(corridors)和大型捕食动物(carnivores)。随着陆地再野化的发展，近年来海洋再野化的理念也被国外学者提出，国内外已有海洋再野化的实践案例。本文对海洋再野化的概念、内涵进行整理，对其发展历程进行回顾，并基于海洋再野化的内涵，绘制了海洋保护区、海洋生态廊道等组成的海洋生态保护修复网络3D图。基于当前我国海洋再野化存在的问题，例如海洋保护区空缺分析结果与人类活动密集区重叠、生态服务功能区域斑块化、海洋生态廊道规划滞后等问题，建议我国在海洋生态保护修复中，注重食物链上层关键物种“自上而下”对海洋生态系统的恢复作用，发挥我国体制优势，整合自然资源管理多项措施，包括：提高已有海洋保护区级别，新设海洋底栖生物的保护区；按不同级别和层次构建生态保护修复网络，补齐海洋生态廊道的短板；根据海洋的立体空间特点划定海洋生态廊道；将生态修复工程的修复区域通过生态廊道连入海洋生态保护修复网络。 |
| 关键词: 再野化|生态廊道|海洋生态保护修复网络|问题与建议 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20231230001 |
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| 基金项目:自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室自主设立课题(MESTA-2022-D003)；自然资源部海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室/福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室开放基金(EPR2023010) |
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| Conceptual connotation of rewilding the sea and its enlightenment to the protection and restoration of marine ecology in China |
| XU Shusheng,YE Shufeng,SUN Qingyang,CHEN Mianrun,WANG Lei |
| (Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application，South China Sea Development Research Institute，MNR，Guangzhou 510300，China;East China Sea Development Research Institute，MNR，Shanghai 200136，China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)，Zhuhai 519082，China;Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Rewilding the sea is a new idea to improve the stability，diversity and sustainability of the ecosystem. It emphasizes 3C principles of core area，connectivity and carnivores. With the development of terrestrial rewilding，scholars abroad proposed the concept of rewilding the sea in recent years. This paper sorted out the connotation and reviewed the development process of the concept and drew a 3D map of the marine ecological protection and restoration network composed of marine protected areas and marine ecological corridors. Based on current problems such as overlapping of analyzed vacancy marine protected areas with dense human activity areas，patching of ecological service function areas and lag in the planning of marine ecological corridors in China，we suggested that China should pay attention to the top-down restoration of marine ecosystems by key species at the top of the food chain and to take advantages of its system and mechanism integrating with various management measures of natural resource. They includs，upgrading the level of existed marine protected areas，establishing new benthic marine protected areas，building marine ecological protection and restoration network at different levels，delineating the marine ecological corridor according to the 3D characteristics of the ocean，connecting the area of the ecological restoration project for marine ecological protection and restoration network through marine ecological corridor. |
| Key words: rewilding the sea|ecological corridor|marine ecological protection and restoration network|problems and suggestions |
