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| 海岸带范围与边界的划定研究进展 |
| 刘正一,胡飞龙,肖凯,陈雪初,叶属峰,孙林,秦松 |
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| (中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所，山东 烟台 264003;生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，江苏 南京 210042;上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室，上海 200241;河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200241;华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院，上海 200241;自然资源部东海发展研究院，上海 200137;汕头大学理学院，广东 汕头 515041) |
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| 摘要: |
| 海岸带是陆地与海洋交互作用的过渡区域，不仅是全球最具经济活力的区域，也承载丰富的自然资源和生物多样性。长期以来，有关海岸带范围的划定存在多种观点，成为制约海岸带系统科学与工程体系建立的瓶颈问题。本文从地理学、地质学和社会经济辐射范围等角度综述了海岸带边界的定义，提出了从海岸带功能视角确定边界的思路，并以海岸带生态屏障功能为依据，对海岸带边界划定方法进行了初步分析和讨论。鉴于生态屏障功能是我国开展海岸带生态保护修复的着眼点和着力点，本文提出在生态屏障这一功能导向下，海岸带的范围和边界的划分依据：陆域以各类保护区、滨海防护林的范围作为海岸带向陆侧的边界标准，并结合人类活动、海岛等区域对海岸带向陆一侧进行界定；海域以藻潮等海洋生态灾害暴发区域，以及红树林、海藻场、海草床、牡蛎礁、珊瑚礁等典型海洋生态系统的边界作为依据，同时充分考虑候鸟迁徙在河口、海岛等海岸带区域特殊的路径需求，综合划定海岸带向海侧的边界。以此供大家商榷，为我国海岸带范围的科学划定提供有益的思路借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 海岸带|功能|划分标准|生态屏障|陆海统筹 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20240905003 |
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| 基金项目:长岛国际零碳岛规划研究(SGDP370600000202302000362) |
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| Progress in research on delineation of the extent and boundaries of coastal zone |
| LIU Zhengyi,HU Feilong,XIAO Kai,CHEN Xuechu,YE Shufeng,SUN Lin,QIN Song |
| (Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Yantai 264003，China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science，Ministry of Ecology and Environment，Nanjing 210042，China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ecological Processes of Urbanisation and Ecological Restoration，Shanghai 200241，China;State Key Laboratory of Estuarine Coastal Science，Shanghai 200241，China;School of Ecology and Environmental Science，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200241，China;East China Sea Development Research Institute，MNR，Shanghai 200137，China;College of Science，Shantou University，Shantou 515041，China) |
| Abstract: |
| In this paper，the definition of the boundary of the coastal zone is reviewed from the perspectives of geography，geology and socio-economic radiation range，and the idea of determining the boundary from the perspective of the coastal zone function is put forward，and based on the function of ecological barrier of the coastal zone，the method of the boundary delineation of the coastal zone has been preliminarily analysed and discussed. and discussion. In view of the ecological barrier function is the focus and point of attention for carrying out ecological protection and restoration of the coastal zone in China，this paper proposes that under the function orientation of ecological barrier，the scope and boundary of the coastal zone should be divided on the basis of the following：the land area should take the scope of all kinds of protected areas and coastal protection forests as the boundary standard of the landward side of the coastal zone and define the landward side of the coastal zone by combining with the areas of human activities and islands，etc. The sea area is defined on the basis of the outbreak areas of marine biological disasters such as algal tides，and the boundaries of typical marine ecosystems such as mangrove forests，seaweed farms，seagrass beds，oyster reefs and coral reefs. And at the same time，the seaward boundaries of the coastal zone are comprehensively demarcated by taking into full consideration the needs of the special paths of migratory birds in coastal zones such as estuaries and islands. We would like to discuss this issue and provide useful ideas for the scientific delineation of the coastal zone in China. |
| Key words: coastal zone|function|delineation criteria|ecological barrier|land-sea integration |