| 摘要: |
| 随着核电工业的迅猛发展，海洋放射性污染压力日益严峻。特别是福岛核事故后，人们对海洋放射性环境影响评价愈加重视。本研究介绍了我国海洋放射性环境质量评价的最新研究成果，包括方法的基础假设、整体框架、参考依据以及海洋放射性环境效应、海洋放射性环境质量分级和低放废物长期排放的潜在风险这3部分详细的评价方法。整套方法参考了国际上重要的生态放射性评估方法，结合我们自身海洋放射性环境管理和评价需求，通过“学习-吸收-创新”的方式形成了一套相对完整的海洋放射性环境质量评价方法，实现了我国从无到有的突破，最终形成了一套专门的评价软件MREQA V1.0，能够简化工作、提高效率，可服务于后续的管理及评价，并供同行参考使用。 |
| 关键词: 海洋环境科学 海洋放射性 环境质量 分级 辐射生物效应 风险评价 低放废物长期排放 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.03.020 |
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| 基金项目:福建省科技计划引导性资助项目(2018Y0058)；原国家海洋局环境保护司资助项目(DOMEP-MEA-01-04) |
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| Advance of marine radioactive environmental quality assessment in China |
| MEN Wu,YU Wen,HE Jianhua,WANG Fenfen,LIN Feng,DENG Fangfang,ZHANG Yusheng |
| (Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment，Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| With the rapid development of nuclear power industry, the pressure of marine radioactive pollution is becoming increasingly severe. Since the Fukushima nuclear accident, marine radioactive environmental quality assessment has been paid more and more attentions by the public. This paper introduces the latest research results of marine radioactive environmental quality assessment in China, including the basic assumptions, the overall framework, the reference basis as well as the detail assessment methods of marine radioactive environmental quality classification, radiation biological effects and long-term potential risk of the release of low-level radioactive wastes. The whole set of marine radioactive environmental quality assessment method was formed by the way of “learning, assimilation, innovation” combining the knowledges of international important ecological radioactive evaluation methods and our own demands in management and assessment of marine radioactive environmental quality. It has made a breakthrough in the radioecology research of our country. The development of the software MREQA V1.0 efficiently simplifies the assessment works and it can be used for the following management and assessment. Additionally, it can be taken as peer reference. |
| Key words: marine environmental science marine radioactive environmental quality classification radiation biological effect |
