| 摘要: |
| 为丰富我国海域产毒拟菱形藻（Pseudo-nitzschia）的物种多样性，并了解其毒性特征，于2017年5月在台湾海峡建立了4个拟菱形藻培养株系.利用光镜和透射电镜观察了形态学特征，构建了基于核糖体转录间隔区的分子系统树，预测了第二间隔区转录RNA的二级结构.结合形态学和分子生物学数据，报道了我国拟菱形藻属的1个新记录种：隆氏拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia lundholmiae).该种的典型形态特征是壳面披针形，具有中央较大船骨点，点条纹由一排孔纹组成，孔纹多分为2个部分.采用高效液相色谱质谱联用法检测了藻株的多莫酸（domoic acid，DA）特征，有1个株系检测到DA，单细胞产毒水平为2.3 fg.利用卤虫（Artemia salina）和强额拟哲水蚤（Paracalanus crassirostris）混合培养来探索隆氏拟菱形藻的产毒特征，发现均能提高其DA水平，增强幅度在3～4倍之间.本研究丰富了我国产毒拟菱形藻的物种多样性，明确了隆氏拟菱形藻的毒性特征和产毒水平，可为后续深入研究提供基础数据. |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 隆氏拟菱形藻 物种多样性 形态 核糖体转录间隔区 多莫酸 台湾海峡 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2019.01.002 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(31570205，31370235); 广州市科技计划资助项目(201607010370) |
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| Biological traits and toxicity of Pseudo-nitzschia lundholmiae from the Taiwan Strait, China |
| DONG Huan-chang,LI Yang |
| (Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631,China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to clarify the species diversity of the toxic Pseudo-nitzschia in China and declare their domoic acid (DA) production, four monoclonal strains were established from the samples of Taiwan Strait during May, 2017. Based on the morphology under light and transmission electron microscopy, and molecular analysis inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rRNA encoding gene, as well as the analysis of ITS2-RNA secondary structure, a newly recorded Pseudo-nitzschia species of China was identified as P. lundholmiae. It is characterized by lanceolate valve, presence of central interspacer, striae comprising one row of poroids and poroids normally dividing into two sectors. Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), DA was only detected from one strain, with an average concentration of 2.3 fg/cell.Artemia salina and Paracalanus crassirostris were selected to mix-culture with P. lundholmiae, to evaluate the impact of zooplanktons on the DA production. The result showed that the existence of zooplankton could increase the DA production of P. lundholmiae in 3-4 times. The above results add new knowledge to the diversity of the toxic Pseudo-nitzschia in China and provides the DA features of P. lundholmiae, which can provide the basic data for further studies. |
| Key words: marine biology Pseudo-nitzschia lundholmiae species diversity morphology internal transcribed spacer domoic acid Taiwan Strait |
