| 摘要: |
| 根据2012年4~10月三沙湾赤潮监控区水产养殖水域１４个航次的调查资料，分析了该研究区理化、Ｎ／Ｐ比值变化特征，评价了水质的富营养化状况．结果表明，研究区的水温、盐度、ｐＨ 值、溶解氧（DO）、化学需氧量（COD）均有利于海产生物的生长繁殖；作为浮游植物生长最基本的生源要素Ｎ和Ｐ含量较高，平均含量分别为0.350、0.041mg／dm３，从地理分布上看，N、P含量最低值位于湾口处，并向湾内及湾顶呈现递增的变化趋势，二者变化主要受陆源输入的影响， 自身水产养殖对其影响也不可忽视；Ｎ／Ｐ比值平均为10.7，研究区的无机氮（DIN）相对于活性磷酸盐（P03-4P）是匮乏的；营养状态指数（E）平均值为3.22，87.5％的测值均大于1.00，平均超标2.22倍，是1990～1991年的1.94倍，明显呈升高的趋势，研究区已处于中度富营养化状态． |
| 关键词: 海洋化学 水产养殖 理化特征 富营养化 三沙湾 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目:国家海洋局资助项目（闽海渔［2012］166号） |
|
| Physical and chemical variations and eutrophication status in important aquaculture waters of Sansha Bay |
| ZHENG Qinhua |
| (Ocean and Fishery Envntmmezial Monitaring Statkm of Ningde. Nin^de 3S2100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This research was based on the data from 14 surveys on red tide monitoring areas of Sansha Bay from A-
pril to October in 2012. In this report the variations of physical and chemical factors and N/P ratio aie character
ized, the eutrophication status in aquaculture water are evaluated. The result shows that the water temperature, sa-
linity, pH value, dissolved oxygen ( DO) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the surveyed areas are suitable for the growth and breeding of marine organisms in the period studied. The contents of N and P, the most basic elements for phytoplankton growth, were high. The average contents of N and P are 0. 350 mg/dm3 and 0.041
mg/dm3. respectively. Geographically, the contents of N and P reach the lowest in the opening of Sansha bay and
they tend to increase from the opening to the inner bay and the bay head. Tlie variations are mainly affected by the
terrestrial input besides aquaculture. The average of N/P ratio is 10. 7, the inorganic nitrogen (DIN) is low rela
tive to the active phosphate ( PO34-P).The average value of nourishment state index (E) is 3. 22, which exceeds
the standard value by factor of 2. 22 and 87. 5% of measured values aie higher than 1. It shows obviously a rising
trend of eutrophication in contrast to the date from 1990 to 1991 when it was in a moderate eutrophication stale. |
| Key words: marine chemistry aquaculture physical and chemical features eutrophication Sansha Bay |
