| 摘要: |
| 在全球气候变化与沿海城市化双重压力下，我国海岛面临生态保护与经济发展的复杂协调问题。采用《海岛发展指数评价方法》与《海岛生态指数评价方法》对我国59个有居民海岛的发展和生态水平进行评估，使用耦合协调度模型和XGBoost算法探究海岛发展指数与海岛生态指数的关系及其潜在影响因素。结果表明：所选海岛的海岛发展指数的范围是42.02～99.75，平均值为69.39，处于良好情况，呈现出南高北低的空间分异特征，崇明岛(为最大值99.75)与玉枕洲(为最小值42.02)形成极值对比；所选海岛的海岛生态指数的范围是25.92～99.05，平均值为61.50，处于中等情况，广西涠洲岛(为最大值99.05)与浙江白沙岛(为最小值25.92)两极分化突出。耦合协调度指数介于0.248～0.952，耦合协调程度达到优秀协调的海岛仅占5.08%，达到良好协调的海岛占20.34%，达到中级协调至勉强协调的海岛占67.80%，有6.78%的海岛处于失调程度。耦合协调度大小的空间梯度为东海区＞南海区＞黄海区＞渤海区。植被面积是海岛发展指数、海岛生态指数、耦合协调度指数3项指标中贡献率最高的影响因子，海岛发展指数中海岛面积、植被面积多正向贡献；海岛生态指数中除海岛面积、耕地面积外，其余影响因子均有不同程度正向贡献；耦合协调度指数仅植被面积存在正向贡献，其余因子波动幅度极小，无明显正负效应。本研究揭示了我国海岛发展与生态保护的空间分异规律及驱动因素，为制定差异化海岛管理政策提供了依据。 |
| 关键词: 海岛|海岛发展指数|海岛生态指数|耦合协调|机器学习 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金(2023J011385)；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金(KFB23092A)；福建省海岛资源生态监测与保护利用重点实验室开放基金课题(2022ZD10) |
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| Coupling characteristics and influencing factors of island ecology and development level: a case study of some inhabited islands in China |
| HUANG Binbin, XIAO Lan, ZHAO Jinxia, JIANG Degang, HE Dongjin, YOU Weibin |
(1. College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
2. Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Center of Southern Forest Resources and Environment, Fuzhou 350002, China;
3. Island Research Center, MNR, Pingtan 350400, China;
4. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Island Resources Ecological Monitoring, Protection and Utilization, Pingtan 350400, China;
5. First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao 266061, China;
6. Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350119, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Under the dual pressures of global climate change and coastal urbanization, China’s islands face a complex coordination dilemma between ecological conservation and economic development. In this study, the Evaluation Methods for Island Development Index and Evaluation Methods for Island Ecological Index were adopted to assess the development and ecological conditions of 59 islands in China. The coupling coordination degree model and the XGBoost algorithm were further applied to explore the interaction between the island development index (IDI) and the island ecological index (IEI), as well as their potential influencing factors. The results showed that the IDI of the selected islands ranges from 42.02 to 99.75, with an average of 69.39, indicating a favorable development status. The IDI exhibits a spatial differentiation pattern of “high in the south and low in the north”, with extreme values observed at Chongming Island (maximum 99.75) and Yuzhenzhou (minimum 42.02). The IEI of the selected islands ranges from 25.92 to 99.05, with an average of 61.50, indicating a moderate condition. Prominent polarization is observed between Weizhou Island in Guangxi (maximum 99.05) and Baisha Island in Zhejiang (minimum 25.92). The coupling coordination degree (D value) ranges from 0.248 to 0.952. Specifically, only 5.08% of the islands achieve excellent coordination, 20.34% reach good coordination, 67.80% are at the moderate-to-reluctant coordination level, and 6.78% are in a dysfunctional state. The spatial gradient of the coupling coordination degree is: East China Sea ＞ South China Sea ＞ Yellow Sea ＞ Bohai Sea. Vegetation area is the dominant driving factor with the highest feature importance for the IDI, IEI, and coupling coordination degree index. Island area and vegetation area make predominant positive contributions to the IDI. All impact factors positively affect the IEI at different levels except for the cultivated land area. Only the vegetation area has a positive effect on the coupling coordination degree index, while other factors show trivial fluctuations and no distinct directional effects. This study reveals the spatial differentiation and driving mechanisms of island development and ecology coordination in China, providing a scientific reference for the formulation of differentiated island management and control policies. |
| Key words: island|island development index|island ecological index|coupling coordination|machine learning |
