| 摘要: |
| 鹦鹉洲湿地是杭州湾北岸陆海生态廊道上兼顾人类利用和生物多样性保护的重要生态节点，自建成以来已逾5年，湿地内鸟类多样性显著提高，吸引大量游客进行亲自然游憩活动。本研究采用样线法调查湿地内的鸟类资源和植物生境，结合湿地内各生境的鸟类分布情况分析鸟类对植物生境的偏好，并通过分析湿地内游客可达面积与鸟类惊飞范围之间的关系，探讨人为干扰对鸟类多样性的影响。2023年各季节共4次观测结果表明：观测到的鸟类共33种720只，归属于9目22科，其中雀形目种类居多，非雀形目中水鸟占比较高；各季节湿地内鸟类种数由多到少依次为冬季、春季、秋季、夏季。各植物生境的鸟类多样性指数不同，表明其引鸟效果存在差异；将湿地内游客可达面积与鸟类惊飞范围进行叠加分析发现，分区控制游客可达范围，可降低人为活动对鸟类栖息活动干扰的概率和程度。最后总结湿地的引鸟效果，对兼顾人类利用和生物多样性保护的陆海生态节点设计提出以下策略建议：基于场地的本底资源调查、基于“鸟类选择”的植物设计、核心引鸟区的分期管控策略以及低人为干扰的道路规划策略。 |
| 关键词: 陆海生态节点|引鸟效果|湿地可达性|鸟类惊飞范围|提升策略 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20231228001 |
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| 基金项目:上海市科委社发重点项目(22dz1202600) |
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| Bird actration effect of land-sea ecological corridor nodes and its habitat function enhancement strategy: a case study of Yingwuzhou Wetland constructed after 5 years |
| WU Wei,CHEN Yang,CHEN Xuechu |
| (School of Ecological Technology and Engineering，Shanghai Institute of Technology，Shanghai 201418，China;School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200241，China) |
| Abstract: |
| Yingwuzhou Wetland is an important ecological node on the land and sea ecological corridor on the north bank of Hangzhou Bay characteriaed by human utilization and biodiversity protection. Since its construction over more than 5 years，bird diversity in the wetland has increased significantly，attracting a large number of tourists for nature-friendly recreational activities. In this study，we used the transverse-line method to investigate the bird resources and plant habitats and birds’ preference for plant habitats in combination with the distribution of birds in each habitat in the wetland. The relationship between the area accessible to tourists and the range of bird stampede in the wetland was also analyzed to explore the impacts of human disturbance on bird diversity. Four seasonal observation results showed that 720 birds of 33 species，belonging to 9 orders and 22 families，with the majority of the species belonging to the order Passerines，among which finch species were the most abundant，and the waterfowl accounted for a higher proportion of non-finch species. The number of bird species in wetland in each season was in the order of winter，spring，autumn and summer. The bird diversity index of each plant habitat was different，which indicated that there were differences in the bird attraction effect. The superposition analysis of the visitor-accessible area and the range of bird stampeding in the wetland revealed that the zoning control of the visitor-accessible area could reduce the probability and degree of disturbance of the birds’ habitat due to anthropogenic activities. |
| Key words: land-sea ecological node|bird attraction effect|wetland accessibility|bird stampede range|enhancement strategy |
