| 摘要: |
| 2019年以来，长江口海域年疏浚总量约为7 000×104m3，现有的7座吹泥站停用后，长江口倾倒区容量仅剩约3 000×104m3，疏浚物处置缺口约为4 000×104m3，需及时开展海洋倾倒区选划工作。通过FVCOM （Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model）数值模型对预选倾倒区进行抛泥扩散模拟，并分析其影响。根据长江口航道管理局所统计的疏浚船只，结合实际情况，选定12 000 m3舱容作为代表船只进行模拟。模拟结果显示，抛泥悬浮物主要在倾倒区周围呈螺旋状扩散，从扩散范围来看，4个预选倾倒区抛泥时，其10 mg/L增量包络线均不会显著影响到附近主航道及周边环境敏感区，其中预选倾倒区D扩散影响范围最大，C次之，A和B扩散影响范围最小。从动力角度来看，长江口深水航道北侧两个预选倾倒区（A和B）倾倒扩散时，对南侧深水航道造成回淤的概率更大，深水航道南侧水动力条件优于北侧。综合抛泥扩散影响范围和动力条件来看，预选倾倒区C位置最佳。 |
| 关键词: 海洋水文学 倾倒区 疏浚 数值模拟 FVCOM 长江口 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.03.013 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC1400805） |
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| Numerical modeling of dredged material spread in candidate dumping areas in Changjiang Estuary based on FVCOM |
| XU Peng,TANG Xiaofeng,LI Yang,ZHANG Zhenglong,LI Zhien |
| (East China Sea Environmental Monitor Center， SOA， Shanghai 201206， China,Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technology, MNR， Shanghai 201206， China;Changjiang Estuary Administration of Navigational Affairs, MOT， Shanghai 200003， China) |
| Abstract: |
| Since 2019, the total volume of annual dredging in Changjiang Estuary is about 7 000×104m3. After 7 existing dredging stations closed down, the capacity of the dumping volume in Changjiang Estuary is only about 3 000×104m3, and the dredging material disposal gap is about 4 000×104m3. Therefore, it is necessary to chose new marine dumping areas in time. The numerical model of FVCOM is used to simulate the diffusion of dumping silts in the candidate dumping area for the impacts. According to the statistic data from the Changjiang Estuary Waterway Administration, an actual capacity of 12 000 m3 is considered for the simulation of representative dredging vessel. The simulation results show that the suspended solids mainly diffuse in a spiral shape around the dumping area. As results, the 10 mg/L increment envelope of 4 candidate dumping areas will not significantly affect the nearby main waterway and the environmental sensitive areas in surroundings according to the diffusion range. Among them, the candidate dumping area D has the largest influence range and the next is C. The diffusions from A and B have smaller influencing ranges. Dynamically when two candidate dumping areas (A and B) on the north side of the deep waterway are dumped and diffused, the candidate of silting back to the south deep waterway is greater, and the hydrodynamic conditions in the south side of the deep waterway are better than those in the north side. According to the range influenced and dynamic conditions of mud diffusion after dumping, the candidate dumping site C is the best. |
| Key words: marine hydrology dumping area dredge numerical model FVCOM Changjiang Estuary |
