| 摘要: |
| 收集2000—2018 年福建近岸海域224 次赤潮事件资料，通过综合分析结果表明：2000—2018 年福建近岸海域赤潮发现数量和面积分别占全国的17.3%和6.1%。2015—2018 年相对于2000—2004、2005—2009、2010—2014 年赤潮年均发现数量和面积有明显下降。赤潮发现月份和空间特征明显，5—6 月为高发期；宁德、福州、平潭、厦门、泉州海域是赤潮高发区；4 个时间段比较宁德和厦门海域年均发现赤潮数量下降明显，平潭海域略微下降，泉州海域增加。由甲藻门生物引发的赤潮数量、面积和损失均最高，诱发赤潮的生物类群存在南北差异，有毒赤潮占总赤潮数量的14.3%。根据提出的赤潮等级划分标准，福建近岸海域以小型赤潮为主。建议在宁德至平潭近岸海域、泉州近岸海域加强赤潮立体化监测系统的建设，5—6 月为监测的关键时期。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 近岸海域 赤潮 甲藻 福建 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2020.04.010 |
|
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFC1404801）;福建省海洋与渔业保护及发展专项资金资助项目\[闽财农指（2018）67号\] |
|
| Characteristics of red tide distribution in Fujian coastal waters in 2000-2018 |
| HUANG Chun-xiu,CHEN Huo-rong,LI Cong |
| (Fishery Resources Monitoring Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350003, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Information of 224 red tide events occurred in Fujian coastal waters in 2000-2018 were collected and investigated. The results show that the number and area of red tides occurred in Fujian coastal waters account for 17.3% and 6.1% of the totals in waters of China in 2000-2018, respectively. Compared with the years of 2000-2004, 2005-2009 and 2010-2014, the annual average number and area of red tides in Fujian coastal waters in 2015-2018 decreased significantly. The characteristics of seasonal and spatial distributions of red tides are obvious, which occurred frequently in coastal waters from Ningde to Lianjiang, Pingtan, Xiamen and Quanzhou from May to June. The annual average numbers of red tides occurred in the coastal waters of Ningde and Xiamen in the 4 periods decreased significantly while it only dropped slightly in Pingtan, and increased in Quanzhou. The total number, area and loss caused by dinoflagellate red tides are the highest. The main red tide causative species differed from north to south in Fujian coastal waters and the number of toxic red tides accounts for 14.3% of the total. According to the proposed red tide scaling standards, small scale of red tides occurred the most frequently. Finally, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of 3D red tide monitoring system in the coastal waters from Ningde to Pingtan and in waters of Quanzhou. And the time from May to June can be set as a critical period for red tide monitoring. |
| Key words: marine biology coastal waters red tide dinoflagellate Fujian |
