| 摘要: |
| 划区管理工具被国际社会公认为生物多样性养护和可持续利用最为有效的手段，广泛应用于各国管辖范围内和公海及国际海底区域。本研究在探讨划区管理所依据关键生物地理要素的基础上，以我国管辖范围内的近岸海域为研究对象，根据海洋生物多样性分区原则与分区要素，开展基于生物地理要素的海洋生物多样性管理分区，将我国近岸海域划分为一级分区6个：黄海、渤海、东海、台湾海峡过渡区、南海和三沙岛礁区；二级分区16个：北黄海近岸海域、南黄海近岸海域、辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾、渤海中央水域、苏北及旧黄河口、长江口及杭州湾、浙江东南沿海、台湾海峡过渡区、珠江口及广东沿海、环海南岛沿海、北部湾及广西沿海、西沙岛礁区、南沙岛礁区、中沙岛礁区；三级分区101个：黄海14个，渤海10个，东海20个，台湾海峡过渡区16个，南海38个，三沙岛礁区3个。探讨了分区要素对结果的影响，为海洋生物多样性保护和管理提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 生物多样性保护 空间分区 生物地理 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2020.02.017 |
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| 基金项目:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基础科研业务费资助项目（2016009）；大洋十三五资源类项目资助项目（DY135-E2-5） |
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| Spatial classification of marine biological conservation and its application in nearshore China |
| HUANG Hao,AN Li-na,LI Wei-wen,WANG Lei |
| (Third Institute of Oceanography， MNR， Xiamen 361005， China) |
| Abstract: |
| A key task in biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization is a powerful mean for identifying priority conservation areas （PCAs）. It is applied extensively in regions under the jurisdiction of various countries, on the high sea and on areas of international seabed. This paper discusses the processes of marine spatial classification based on biogeographic factors and the marine biodiversity classification in nearshore China. Thus, 3 level zones are divided in the nearshore China. The first level has 6 zones, i.e. the Yellow Sea， the Bohai Sea， the East China Sea， the Taiwan Strait transition zone， the South China Sea and Sansha reef zone. The second level has 16 zones， including North Yellow Sea inshore areas， South Yellow Sea inshore areas， Liaodong Bay， Bohai Bay， Laizhou Bay， the central areas of the Bohai Sea， Northern Jiangsu and the Yellow River Estuary， the Changjiang River Estuary and Hangzhou Bay， the Southeast Zhejiang coast， the Taiwan Strait transition zone， the Pearl River Estuary and Guangdong coast， Hainan coast， Beibu Bay and Guangxi coast， Xisha reef areas， Nansha reef areas and Zhongsha reef areas. The third level has 101 zones， including 14 zones in the Yellow Sea， 10 zones in the Bohai Sea， 20 zones in the East China Sea， 16 zones in the Taiwan Strait， 38 zones in the South China Sea and 3 zones in Sansha reef areas. In the end， the factors that affect the results of the spatial classification are discussed for marine diversity protection and managements． |
| Key words: marine biology marine spatial classification biodiversity conservation biological geography |
