| 摘要: |
| 根据北黄海断面1976～2015年历年8月温度、盐度与长岛气候要素资料，采用旋转经验正交函数（REOF）、最大熵谱分析和延迟相关分析等方法，研究了北黄海断面夏季温度、盐度年际变化时空模态与气候响应.断面温度主要有4种时空模态：第一、二模态为海洋因素影响的年际变化分量，渤海断面夏季温度分量和7月太平洋年代际振荡（PDO）指数的线性与非线性作用是主要影响因素.第三、四模态为海洋与大气因素影响的年际变化分量，渤海断面夏季温度分量、断面冬季表层平均温度、7月风驱环流强度和5月PDO指数的线性和非线性作用是主要影响因素.断面盐度主要有4种时空模态：第一模态为海洋与大气因素影响的年际变化分量，渤海夏季盐度、夏季降水量及断面冬季表层盐度是主要影响因素；8月纬向风驱环流是次要影响因素.第二至四模态为大气因素影响的年际变化分量，7、8月风驱环流强度和夏季降水量是主要影响因素.北黄海夏季风驱环流分布是北黄海断面夏季温盐年际平均分布的主要影响因素.断面温盐垂直层结年际变化为准平衡态周期年际变化.北黄海断面冷水团月平均温度和面积为准平衡态周期年际变化，断面温度第三模态、断面冬季表层平均温度是断面冷水团月强度年际变化的主要影响因素，7月PDO指数是非线性影响因素.北黄海断面冷水团月平均盐度为显著线性低盐趋势周期年际变化，断面盐度的第一至三模态以及渤海断面夏季盐度分量的线性和非线性作用是冷水团月平均盐度年际变化的主要影响因素.北黄海断面夏季冷水团中平均温度、盐度的长期变化趋势是不同的，不存在长期稳定的比例关系. |
| 关键词: 物理海洋学 北黄海 温度 盐度 时空模态 冷水团 REOF分析 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室资助项目（2011011） |
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| Climate response and spatiao-temporal modes on the interannual summer changes of temperature-salinity in North Yellow Sea |
| SHI Qiang |
| (Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation，
Qingdao 266033，China;North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center， SOA， Qingdao 266033，China;Key Laboratory of Marine Spill Oil Identification and Damage Assessment Technology， SOA， Qingdao 266033，China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the temperature， salinity and meteorological data in August in the North Yellow Sea from 1976 to 2015， the climate response and spatial-temporal model on the interannual changes of temperature and salinity in summer in the North Yellow Sea were studied with the methods of Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function （REOF）， wind-driven current model diagnosis， maximum entropy spectrum and the delay correlation analysis. The results shows that the interannual changes of temperature can be divided into 4 spatial-temporal modes. The first and second modes are interannual variation components affected by oceanic factors. The linear and nonlinear effects of temperature component in summer in the Bohai Sea section and Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） index in July are main influencing factors. The third and fourth modes are interannual variation components affected by oceanic and atmosphere factors. The linear and nonlinear effects of temperature component in summer， surface mean temperature in winter in the North Yellow Sea section， intensity of wind-driven circulation in July and PDO index in May are the main influencing factors. There are also 4 spatial-temporal modes of salinity in the North Yellow Sea section. The first mode is interannual variation component affected by oceanic and atmosphere factors. Salinity in summer in the Bohai Sea section and zonal wind-driven circulation in August are the main influencing factors， while precipitation in summer and mean surface salinity in winter in the North Yellow Sea section are secondary ones. The second to fourth modes are interannual variation components affected by atmosphere factors. Intensity of wind-driven circulation in July and August and precipitation in summer are the main influencing factors. The distribution of wind-driven circulation in summer is the main factor which affects the interannual mean distribution of temperature and salinity in summer in the North Yellow Sea section. The results show that both the interannual variation of the vertical stratification of temperature and salinity and the monthly mean temperature and the area of the cold water mass in the North Yellow Sea section are in quasi equilibrium periods. The third modes of temperature in summer and mean surface temperature in winter in the North Yellow Sea section are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of monthly intensity of the cold water mass， while PDO index in July are nonlinear factors. The monthly mean salinity of the cold water mass in the North Yellow Sea section shows a significant interannual variation of linear low salinity trend. The linear and nonlinear effects of the first to third modes of salinity in the North Yellow Sea section and salinity component in summer in Bohai sea section are the main factors which affect the interannual variation of monthly mean salinity of the cold water mass. The long term variation of the temperature and salinity in the summer cold water mass in the North Yellow Sea section is different， indicating that there exists no long-term stable rate relationship between temperature and salinity． |
| Key words: physical oceanography North Yellow Sea temperature salinity spatial-temporal modes cold water mass REOF analysis |
