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| 近年来安海湾及邻近海域春季大型底栖动物群落结构的变化 |
| 林俊辉,林和山,王建军,何雪宝,黄雅琴,郑凤武,李荣冠,郑成兴,江锦祥 |
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| (国家海洋局第三海洋研究所，福建厦门361005) |
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| 摘要: |
| 根据2008、2010、2013年3个年度春季在安海湾及邻近海域7个站位的生态调查数据，对该海域的大型底栖动物种类组成及其群落变化进行研究.结果表明：调查海域春季大型底栖动物共计198种，种类组成上以多毛类和甲壳动物为主，不同年度的物种数由2008年的98种逐次增至2013年的118种，且软体动物比例呈上升趋势.单因素相似性分析表明3个年度的群落结构不存在显著差异，但历年调查的优势种组成已有所变化，尤其是2013年的优势种明显不同于前2个年度.3个年度的平均密度介于369~780个/m²,平均生物量介于23.22~40.10 g/m²,物种丰富度指数d介于3.693~4.265,多样性指数H介于3.076~3.782,密度逐次降低，生物量2010年最低，而物种丰富度指数d和多样性指数H'呈现2010年最高，前后年度低的特点.空间分布上，安海湾外的站位平均物种数和多样性指数H高于湾内.聚类结果表明，安海湾内外的群落相似性低，且优势种组成明显差异.与1989年相比，安海湾底栖动物群落发生明显改变.迹象表明，较之前2个年度，2013年安海湾底栖动物群落出现新变化. |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 大型底栖动物 群落结构 春季 安海湾 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室资助项目(MESE-2014-02):国家自然科学基金资助项目(41306115):国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2011034,海三科2013006) |
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| Changes of macrobenthic community structure in Anhai Bayand its adjacent sea in spring of recent years |
| LIN Junhui,LIN Heshan,WANG Jianjun,HE Xuebao,HUANG Yaqin,ZHENG Fengwu,Li Rongguan,ZHENG Chengxing,JIANG Jinxiang |
| (Third Institute of Oceanogaphy,SOA,Xiamen 361005,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the ecological survey at 7 stations in Anhai Bay and its adjacent sea in springs of 2008,2010 and 2013,macrobenthic species composition and community structures were analyzed.The results showed that a to-tal of 198 macobenthic species were recorded and it was dominated by polychaetes and crustaceans.The total spe-cies number increased gradually from 98 in 2008 to 118 in 2013 with the increment of molluscs.There was no sig-nificant diference in community stucture among years except for dominant specis,especially in 2013 when domi-nant species completely differed from 2008 and 2010.The average densities of macmobenthos was from 369 inds/m²and 780 inds/m²,the average biomass from 23.22g/m²to 40.10g/m².Margalef species richness index ranged from 3.693 to 4.265,and Shannon-Wiener diversity index from 3.076 to 3.782 in these 3 years.Density declinedgradually while biomass was the lowest in 2010.Margalef richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity indexshowed the values were higher in 2010 than in 2008 and 2013.The species numbers per station and Shannon-Wie-ner diversityindex H'were generally higher in the outer than the inner Anhai Bay by spatial distribution.Cluster a-nalysis showed that the similanity of community structures between the inner andthe outer Anhai Bay was low andcomposition of dominant species were quite different.Recent macrobenthic communites changed significantly com-pared with that in 1989.Besides,it suggested that macrobenthiccommunites in Anhai Bay might have new changesin 2013 compared with 2008 and 2010. |
| Key words: marine biology macrobenthos community structure spring Anhai Bay |